Intraoperative opioids: Reduce but not refuse!

not intervention but participation

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Opioids modulate the cholinergic contraction but not the nonadrenergic relaxation in guinea-pig airways in vitro.

(D-ALa2, NMePhe4, Gly-ol5) encephalin (DAMGO), a selective mu-opioid receptor agonist, has previously been demonstrated to inhibit the cholinergic and the noncholinergic contraction in guinea-pig airways. In contrast, opioids had no inhibitory effect on cholinergic neurotransmission in the upper trachea when stimulated at 8 Hz. We investigated whether DAMGO, a selective mu-opioid receptor agoni...

Review: opioids are more effective than placebo but not other analgesics for chronic noncancer pain.

Role of endogenous opioids in ischemic preconditioning but not in short-term hibernation in pigs.

Endogenous opioids are involved in ischemic preconditioning (IP) in several species. Whether or not opioids are important for IP and short-term myocardial hibernation (STMH) in pigs is currently unknown. In 34 enflurane-anesthetized pigs, the left anterior descending coronary artery was flow constantly perfused. Subendocardial blood flow (Endo), infarct size (IS; percent area at risk), and the ...

More regulation not the answer for opioids.